![]() 8 Neurologic dysfunction secondary to caudal articular process malformation has been documented, 4,5 but this myelopathy has not been documented specifically in Pugs. Differential diagnoses for a dog with chronic progressive thoracolumbar spinal cord disease include degenerative diseases (degenerative myelopathy, demyelinating diseases, and neuronopathies), neoplasia (primary CNS, skeletal, and metastatic), inflammatory processes (canine distemper and protozoal myelitis, granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis, and rickettsial diseases), diskospondylitis, and anomalies of the vertebral column. 6–8 Chronic progressive thoracolumbar myelopathies are more often seen in older animals. These disorders are characterized by postural reaction deficits, micturition impairments, normal to exaggerated spinal reflexes, and paresis and ataxia or paralysis in the pelvic limbs, sparing the thoracic limbs. 4–6 Myelopathies in the thoracolumbar spinal cord region occur routinely in small animals and cause neurologic dysfunction of the pelvic limbs. ![]() 1–3 Neurologic dysfunction secondary to these vertebral anomalies has only been reported relatively recently. Congenital anomalies of the vertebral articular processes are well documented. ![]() 1 When neurologic dysfunction ensues because of a compressive lesion or instability, however, the cause-and-effect relationship between the congenital vertebral malformation and spinal cord disease becomes important. Additional studies are warranted to further characterize the disease process and determine the most effective means of treatment.Ĭongenital vertebral malformations occur commonly in small animals, but many produce no evidence of neurologic dysfunction. However, fibrous constrictive myelopathy should be considered in Pugs with pelvic limb gait and postural reaction deficits and lack of hyperpathia upon palpation of the vertebral column. Despite surgical intervention, all dogs that survived surgery continued to have neurologic deficits.Ĭonclusions and Clinical Relevance-In the present study, presence of aplastic or hypoplastic articular processes in the thoracolumbar region did not always produce neurologic signs. Eight of 11 dogs underwent surgical exploration. Four of 11 dogs had urinary or fecal incontinence. Five of 11 dogs had a history of unrelated trauma. All dogs' neurologic lesion localization was to the T3-元 spinal cord segments. Results-The most common neurologic examination findings were paraparesis with ataxia or paraplegia but no evidence of hyperpathia along the vertebral column. Dogs were included in the study if hypoplastic or aplastic thoracolumbar caudal articular processes were present on radiographs, CT images, or MRI images. Procedures-Medical records of dogs with myelopathy presumably caused by constriction of fibrous tissue secondary to thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformation at 2 referral institutions between 19 were reviewed. ![]() Objective-To report thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformations with secondary constrictive fibrosis of the spinal cord in Pugs.Īnimals-11 Pugs with neurologic dysfunction resulting from constriction of fibrous tissue secondary to thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformation and 5 Pugs with no neurologic dysfunction. ![]()
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